Engine-cylinder construction



Jan. '10 1928.

G. HOPKINS ENGINE CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 28. 1925 giwumflo'b George F. Hopkins 6H0: magi;

i atente aKlein. W, 192%.

GEORGE E. HOPKINS, OF JACKSON, MICHIGAN; WILLIAM K. SAGENDOBPH EXEGUTOE 01B SAID GEORGE F. HOPKINS, DECEASED.

ENGINE-CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed Februzuy 28, 1925. Serial No. 12,332.

This invention relates to improvements in engine cylinder construction especially adapted for air control for lathe chucks, although the cylinder is adapted to a great variety of purposes for pneumatic or by draulic control.

The objects of the invention are,

First, to provide an improved cylinder and piston construction.

Second, to provide improved packing construction which will permitready assembly and rotation of the entire structure.

Third, to provide improved lubricatlon for such cylinder and engine.

I Fourth, to provide improved supply connections'for airor other' fluid.

Further objects, relating to details and economics of construction and operation, will definitely appear from the detailed description to follow.

I accomplish the objects of the invention by the devices and means described 1n the following specification. The invent on 1s pointed out and defined in the claims.

A structure which is a preferredembodiment of In accompanying drawing, forming a part of this application, in which: j

Fig. I is a side elevationview' of the structure as applied to-the lives indle of a lathe, portions of the lathe and c uck being indicated by dotted lines. 1

Fig. II is an enlarged detall longitudinal sectional view through my improved engine cylinder and iston construction, with parts disposed to s ow the details-on the plane specified. ,2

Fig. III is a detaildiagrammaticcross section through the control valve 27 In the drawing similar numerals of reference refer to similar parts throughout the two views. r

The numbered parts ofth'e drawing Will be identified by their numerals. l is the hollow live spindle of a lathe. 2- isthe adapter flange screw-threaded thereto. 3 is. the engine cylinder having inte ralhead 4,, provided with a suitahle'centermgface 41' adapting it to the adapter flange 2 where it,

screws 6 i 5 is is retained in position b ca y the removable cylinder head retained inpo-v sition by capscrews 51. a

- The piston is chambered out to make it light and it is composed of the main part 7 and a ring co-operatingpart 8,the parts be,

invention is illustrated in the outer end of the sleeve 21.

The

ing held and retained together by screws 9.

The parts 7 and 8 clamp the inwardly-pro jecting portion of hydraulic cup ackings 10 and 11 for each portion of t e divided p1ston. 12 is the piston rod provided with collar 13 and threaded at 14 to receive the clamplng nut 15 for retaining and coupling these parts together. A gasket 16 is provided for the piston in the integral head 4, which isretained by the gland 17, it being necessary to disconnect the cylinder from the adapter 2 in order to pack this joint.

18 is the connecting rod from thepiston rod 12 to the chuck, the details of the connection not being here involved and not shown. i

19 is an air connector bushing provided with a flange 191 and with a screw-threaded gland nut 192 to clamp the same in place centrally in the cylinder head 5. The piston rod 12 is provided with a central bore 121, terminating in a cross bar 122, :for the passage of air or other fluid for the actuation of the cylinder. A packin around this piston rod 12 in the bus ling 19. The rod 12 extends into a sleeve 21 which is threaded at 211 for engagement in a central bore in the sleeve 19. This sleeve 21 is chambered at 213 for the reciprocation of side of the ring and are retained in position by the gland 23 screw-threaded onto the The sleeve 21 revolves incontact with the packing at each side of the said ring 22. An oil hole with suitable oil hole yalve. 24 is provided to dc ;liver oil into the annular opening 222, or at any other suitable point inthe passage.

1 A fluid supply rin 25 embraces the projecting end. ofithe bus "n 19 which revolves within the same. This is provided with a hose connection 251 and a connecting annular-gpssage' 252 for the assage of fluid.

ushmg 19 is provide, with a series of longitudinal bores 193 and outwardly-projecting cross bores 194 disposed to connect with the annular passage 252.

The ring is provided with packings 253 at each side which are retained by the gland 254 so that the bushing 19 revolves in contact with said packing within the said ring 25. A suitable valve-d oil opening 26 is provided delivering into the annular opening 252, which may deliver at any other point within this passage. Air or other fluid is supplied by the three-way control valve 27 delivering through pipe 28 and hose 281 to the hose connection 221 on the supply ring 22, and through the pipe 29 and hose 291 to the hose connection 251 to supply ring 25 on the said bushing 1.9. The supply comes through pipe 30, as indicated in Fig. I. Details of this three-way connection are shown in Fig. III.

I have described my invention as es eeiall adapted for use in air control ed chuc s on lathes. However, the structure is adapted to stationary use and wherever the chuckin; or holding of an article may be require as, for instance, in holding articles in forms while undergoing heat treatment or hardening; also for holding ieces of work wheresoever such chuck may e required. I have shown the same especially ada ted for air as the medium because that len itself well to lathe chuck work. The

I same, however, is well adapted to hydraulic "use, especially where oil is made use of as the medium. \Vhen the chick is stationary, of course, there is no need to provide for the relative revolution of the arts and where the same is made use of or general purposes no adapter flange is needed for connection.

The operation of the structure is very simple. Anis admitted through, the ring 22, through the annular passage 222, into the bore 214 through the cross bore 215, into the chamber 213, through the central bore 121 in the piston rod, through the cross bore 122 into the cylinder to actuate the piston toward the left, as seen in Fig. II. When the air or other mediuln is admitted in this way and the piston moves toward the left. the air or other medium is discharged through the apertures 193 out through the cross bores 194 to the annular passage 252 in supply ring 25, out through the hose connection 251. This action is reversed by merely reversing the valve 27. Because the piston is hollow and substantially fills the cylinder at each end of the stroke, the

amount of air or other medium is greatly eoonomized and the cylinder made correspondingly effective.

To completely lubricate the cylinder and all beari I introduce lubricant through the valv openings 24 and 26 and the air pasages where the flow of air inwardly through the same carries the lubricant into the cylinder onto the piston, lubricating the same very thoroughly and also lubricating the piston rod, and incidentally in passing inwardly it lubricates the bearings between the moving parts and ell'cctivcly lubricates the entire device.

The oil in the annular passages is especially well presented and delivered. The air can escape and will collect the oil on the intake and carry it into the cylinder.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In an engine cylinder construction the combination of a cylinder, a piston within the same divided transversely and chambered to reduce weight, a double cup packing projecting in opposite directions and clamped between the said chambered cylinder parts, a piston rod connected to said piston and projecting axially through suitable gland and gasket stalling boxes at each side, with connection at one side to the chuck to be operated, the opposite end being provided with a central bore extending through the piston with cross bore at the inner end, a lead with central bushing for the opposite end of the cylinder apertured longitudinally with cross bores at the outer end for the flow of the actuating medium, a central adjustable sleeve, screw threaded in the said bushing to serve as the gland for the piston rod stufling box, with cross bores towards the outer end and with projecting end for adjustment, 9. connection for the air or other medium comprising a ring with annular passage embracing the outer end of the said sleeve and registering with said cross bore, suitable packings for the said supply ring, adjustable glands for retaining the packing in revoluble contact with said ring, a valved lubrication opening delivering into said an nular space, a connection for air or other medium comprising a supply ring surrounding the projecting end of said bushing, provided with an annular passage embracing the said bushing and registering with said cross bore, suitable packings at each side thereof, an adjustable gland for retaining the said packings in place in revolublc contact with said ring, and a valved lubrication opening delivering to said annular opening, coactin as described.

2. In an engine cylinder construction the combination of a cylinder, a piston within the same divided transversel and chambered to reduce weight, a den le cup packing projecting in opposite directions and clamped between the said chambered cylinder parts, a iston rod connected to said piston and pro ecting axially through suitable gland and gasket stalling boxes at each side, with connection at one side to the chuck to be operated, the opposite end being provided witha central bore extending through the piston with cross bore at the inner end, a head with central bushing for the oppo site end of the cylinder apertured longitudinally with cross bores at the outer end for the flow of the actuating medium, a central adjustable sleeve, screw threaded in the said bushing to serve as the gland for the piston rod stufling box, with cross bores toward the outer end and with projecting end for adjustment, a connection for the air or other medium comprising a ring with annular passage embracing the outer end of the said sleeve and registering with said cross bore, suitable packings for the said supply ring, adjustable glands for retaining the packing in revoluble contact with said ring, a connection for air or other medium comprising a supply ring surrounding the projecting end of said bushing, provided with an annular passage embracing the said bushing and registering with said cross bore, suitable packings at each side thereof, and an adjustable gland for retaining the said packings in place in revoluble contact with said ring, coacting as described.

3. In an engine cylinder construction the combination of a cylinder, a divided piston within the same, a piston rod connected to said piston and projecting axially through suitable gland and gasket stuffing boxes at each side, with connection at one side to the chuck to be operated, the opposite end being provided with a central bore extending through the piston with cross bore at the inner end, a head with central bushing tor the opposite end of the cylinder apertured longitudinally with cross bores at the outer end for the flow of the actuating medium, a central adjustable sleeve, screw threaded in the said bushing to serve as the gland for the piston rod stufling box, with cross bores toward the outer end and with projecting end for adjustment, a connection for the air or other medium comprising a ring with annular passage embracing the outer end of the said sleeve and registering with said cross bore, suitable packings for the said supply ring, glands for retaining the packing in revoluble contact with said ring, a connection for air or other medium comprising a supply ring surrounding the projecting end of said bushing, provided with an annular passage embracing the said bushing and registering with said cross bore, suitable packings at each side thereof, and an adjustable gland for retaining the said packings in place in rcvoluble contact with said ring, coacting as described.

4. In an engine cylinder construction the combination of a cylinder, a divided piston within the same, a piston rod connected to said piston and projecting axially through suitable stuffing boxes at each side, with con nection at one side to the chuck to be operated, the opposite end being provided with a central bore extending through the piston with cross bore at the inner end, a head with central bushing for the opposite end of the cylinder apertured longitudinally with cross bores at the outer end for the flow of the actuating medium, a central adjustable sleeve, screw threaded in the said bushing to serve as the gland for the piston rod packing, with cross bores toward the outer end and with projecting end for adjustment, a connection for the air or other medium comprising a ring with annular passage embracing. the outer end of the said sleeve and registering with said cross bore, suitable paekings for the said supply ring, and glands for retaining the packing in revoluble contact with said cross ring, coacting as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

GEORGE F. HOPKINS. 

